2. К группе раннецветущих относятся следующие виды примул: весенняя, Юлии, Воронова, обыкновенная и ушковая. Немного позже зацветают примулы элатиор и мелкозубчатая.
3. Условия выращивания примул определяются их видовой принадлежностью и происхождением.
Для одних следует выбирать открытые участки, для других больше подходит затенение среди кустов и деревьев. Однако, для всех видов примул при выборе места для посадки лучше обеспечить их затенение в полуденные часы. То есть, лучше отдать предпочтение тенистому уголку среди деревьев, или клумбе, которая освещается солнцем только в утренние часы, или, при выращивании на каменистой горке - ее восточной, северной или западной стороне.
4. Важной частью ухода за примулами является режим полива, так как в природе они растут на влажных почвах. Оптимальным вариантом будет обеспечение таких условий, при которых цветы будут получать достаточно влаги, но без застоя воды. Особенно примулы нуждаются в большом количестве влаги весной.
5. Почвы для выращивания примул нужны рыхлые, питательные, способные хорошо сохранять влагу. На тяжелых глинистых почвах примулы не растут. В крайнем случае, можно улучшить их путем добавления песка (ведро на 1 кв. м.), вермикулита, резаного сфагнового мха, а также внесения органических удобрений (до 20 кг на 1 кв. м.), или заменить 20 см верхнего почвенного слоя приготовленной питательной смесью.
6. В легкие, но не богатые питательными веществами почвы также вносят органические удобрения (до 20 кг на 1 кв. м.). Прежде всего, это разложившийся перегной, компостная или листовая земля, выветрившийся торф, которые способны не только обогатить почву питательными веществами но и улучшить ее структуру и водный режим. Чтобы растения пышно цвели, в почвенную смесь можно добавить фосфорные, калийные и азотные удобрения.
7. Также растение следует подкармливать фосфорно-калийными удобрениями в течение вегетационного периода, не менее трех раз. Сначала - ранней весной, затем через 2-3 недели, и, наконец, в августе.
8. За 3-4 года происходит разрастание кустиков примул, и для того, чтобы новые розетки не теснили друг друга, и растение не ослабило своего цветения, их рассаживают, разделив на новые кустики. Делать это предпочтительнее в августе, чтобы новые растения успели укорениться до наступления холодов.
9. Кроме деления, примулу можно размножать семенами и укоренением пазушных побегов.
10. Оптимальным сроком для посева семян является время с ноября по декабрь, но в принципе сеять их можно круглогодично. Для хорошей всхожести посев следует содержать при температуре от 16°C до 20°C в условиях высокой влажности и хорошей освещенности. При соблюдении этих требований через 10-12 дней должны появиться всходы, тогда температуру воздуха и влажность можно начать постепенно снижать. В марте-апреле сеянцы следует пересадить в небольшие горшочки с последующей пересадкой в открытый грунт. Нужно помнить, что сеянцы первоцветов по сравнению с растениями, полученными другими способами размножения, растут медленнее и требуют усиленной заботы.
11. Если растение имеет одну розетку листьев или слабую корневую систему, которая не позволяет разделить куст, его размножают путем укоренения пазушных побегов. Для этого, отделив у основания корневой шейки черешок листа с почкой и частью побега и укоротив наполовину листовые пластинки, черенок сажают в посадочную смесь из лиственной земли и крупнозернистого речного песка. Чтобы такой черенок укоренился, необходимо обеспечить ему содержание в светлом помещении, но подальше от прямых солнечных лучей, при температуре от 16°C до 18°C и умеренном увлажнении почвы. Со временем такие почки дадут побеги, имеющие 3-4 листика. Их следует высадить в 7-9-сантиметровые горшки, а затем, при наступлении благоприятных погодных условий, пересадить в открытый грунт.
1. Primula refers to bright primroses. The scientific name of the genus
Primula (Primula, formed from primus) translated from Latin means
"first".2. The early flowering group include the following types of primroses: spring, Julia Voronova, ordinary and ear. A little later evening primrose bloom of elation and finely toothed.
3. Growing conditions primulas are determined by their species and origin. For some, you should choose open areas, more suitable for other shading among bushes and trees. However, for all kinds of primroses when choosing a place for landing better provide for their shading at midday. That is, it is better to prefer the shady area under trees, or flower bed, illuminated by the sun only in the morning, or when growing on rocky hill - its Eastern, Northern or Western side.
4. An important part of care for primrose is watering because in the wild they grow in moist soils. The best option would be the provision of an environment in which the flowers will get enough moisture, but without water stagnation. Especially evening primrose need lots of moisture in the spring.
5. Soil for growing primulas need a loose, fertile, well able to retain moisture. On heavy clay soils primroses grow. In extreme cases, you can improve them by adding sand (bucket 1 sqm), vermiculite, shredded sphagnum moss, as well as the application of organic fertilizers (up to 20 kg per 1 sqm), or replace the upper 20 cm soil layer prepared nutrient mixture.
6. In the lungs, but not nutrient-rich soils also make organic fertilizer (20 kg per 1 sqm). First of all, it decomposed humus, compost or leaf ground, weathered peat, which is able not only to enrich the soil with nutrients but also to improve its structure and water regime. The plants bloomed luxuriantly in the soil mix you can add phosphate, potash and nitrogen fertilizers.
7. Also, the plant should be fed phosphorus-potassium fertilizers during the growing period, at least three times. First, in early spring, then after 2-3 weeks, and finally, in August.
1.
Primula refers to bright primroses. The scientific name of the genus
Primula (Primula, formed from primus) translated from Latin means
"first".
2. The early flowering group include the following types of primroses: spring, Julia Voronova, ordinary and ear. A little later evening primrose bloom of elation and finely toothed.
3. Growing conditions primulas are determined by their species and origin. For some, you should choose open areas, more suitable for other shading among bushes and trees. However, for all kinds of primroses when choosing a place for landing better provide for their shading at midday. That is, it is better to prefer the shady area under trees, or flower bed, illuminated by the sun only in the morning, or when growing on rocky hill - its Eastern, Northern or Western side.
4. An important part of care for primrose is watering because in the wild they grow in moist soils. The best option would be the provision of an environment in which the flowers will get enough moisture, but without water stagnation. Especially evening primrose need lots of moisture in the spring.
5. Soil for growing primulas need a loose, fertile, well able to retain moisture. On heavy clay soils primroses grow. In extreme cases, you can improve them by adding sand (bucket 1 sqm), vermiculite, shredded sphagnum moss, as well as the application of organic fertilizers (up to 20 kg per 1 sqm), or replace the upper 20 cm soil layer prepared nutrient mixture.
6. In the lungs, but not nutrient-rich soils also make organic fertilizer (20 kg per 1 sqm). First of all, it decomposed humus, compost or leaf ground, weathered peat, which is able not only to enrich the soil with nutrients but also to improve its structure and water regime. The plants bloomed luxuriantly in the soil mix you can add phosphate, potash and nitrogen fertilizers.
7. Also, the plant should be fed phosphorus-potassium fertilizers during the growing period, at least three times. First, in early spring, then after 2-3 weeks, and finally, in August.
8. In 3-4 years is the overgrowth of bushes primroses and for new sockets do not oppress each other, and the plant did not reduce its flowering, they were seated into new bushes. This is preferable to do in August to new plants had time to take root before the cold weather.
9. In addition to fission, the primrose can be propagated by seeds and rooting of axillary shoots.
10. The optimal time for planting seeds is the time from November to December, but in principle they can sow all year round. For good germination sowing should be kept at a temperature of 16°C to 20°C in conditions of high humidity and good lighting. When these requirements are met in 10-12 days shoots should appear, then the air temperature and humidity, you can start to gradually decrease. In March-April, the seedlings should be transplanted into small pots and then switch in the open ground. We must remember that seedlings of primroses in comparison with plants obtained by other methods of reproduction, grow slower and require special care.
11. If the plant has a rosette of leaves or weak root system, which allows you to split a hive, it is propagated by rooting of axillary shoots. For this purpose, separating at the base of the root collar petiole with a kidney and part of the shoot and half shortening of the leaf, stalk planted in planting a mixture of deciduous land and coarse river sand. Such cutting has rooted, you need to provide content in a bright room, but away from direct sunlight, at temperatures from 16°C to 18°C and moderate soil moisture. Over time, these buds will give shoots with 3-4 leaf. They should be planted in 7-9-inch pots, and then, under favourable weather conditions, be transplanted into the open ground.
2. The early flowering group include the following types of primroses: spring, Julia Voronova, ordinary and ear. A little later evening primrose bloom of elation and finely toothed.
3. Growing conditions primulas are determined by their species and origin. For some, you should choose open areas, more suitable for other shading among bushes and trees. However, for all kinds of primroses when choosing a place for landing better provide for their shading at midday. That is, it is better to prefer the shady area under trees, or flower bed, illuminated by the sun only in the morning, or when growing on rocky hill - its Eastern, Northern or Western side.
4. An important part of care for primrose is watering because in the wild they grow in moist soils. The best option would be the provision of an environment in which the flowers will get enough moisture, but without water stagnation. Especially evening primrose need lots of moisture in the spring.
5. Soil for growing primulas need a loose, fertile, well able to retain moisture. On heavy clay soils primroses grow. In extreme cases, you can improve them by adding sand (bucket 1 sqm), vermiculite, shredded sphagnum moss, as well as the application of organic fertilizers (up to 20 kg per 1 sqm), or replace the upper 20 cm soil layer prepared nutrient mixture.
6. In the lungs, but not nutrient-rich soils also make organic fertilizer (20 kg per 1 sqm). First of all, it decomposed humus, compost or leaf ground, weathered peat, which is able not only to enrich the soil with nutrients but also to improve its structure and water regime. The plants bloomed luxuriantly in the soil mix you can add phosphate, potash and nitrogen fertilizers.
7. Also, the plant should be fed phosphorus-potassium fertilizers during the growing period, at least three times. First, in early spring, then after 2-3 weeks, and finally, in August.
8. In 3-4 years is the overgrowth of bushes primroses and for new sockets do not oppress each other, and the plant did not reduce its flowering, they were seated into new bushes. This is preferable to do in August to new plants had time to take root before the cold weather.
9. In addition to fission, the primrose can be propagated by seeds and rooting of axillary shoots.
10. The optimal time for planting seeds is the time from November to December, but in principle they can sow all year round. For good germination sowing should be kept at a temperature of 16°C to 20°C in conditions of high humidity and good lighting. When these requirements are met in 10-12 days shoots should appear, then the air temperature and humidity, you can start to gradually decrease. In March-April, the seedlings should be transplanted into small pots and then switch in the open ground. We must remember that seedlings of primroses in comparison with plants obtained by other methods of reproduction, grow slower and require special care.
11. If the plant has a rosette of leaves or weak root system, which allows you to split a hive, it is propagated by rooting of axillary shoots. For this purpose, separating at the base of the root collar petiole with a kidney and part of the shoot and half shortening of the leaf, stalk planted in planting a mixture of deciduous land and coarse river sand. Such cutting has rooted, you need to provide content in a bright room, but away from direct sunlight, at temperatures from 16°C to 18°C and moderate soil moisture. Over time, these buds will give shoots with 3-4 leaf. They should be planted in 7-9-inch pots, and then, under favourable weather conditions, be transplanted into the open ground.